Cell Structure Questions And Answers Pdf

Chloroplasts are the key structure in the process of photosynthesis. Why are lysosomes known as "the cleaners" of cell waste? Intermediate filaments are also made of protein. Each DNA filament is a double helix of DNA and therefore a chromosome. Cell structure and function answer key. Mitochondria are the organelles in which the most important part of cellular respiration occurs: ATP production. ► Or search the sites... Related Video...

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Cell Structure Test Questions And Answers

What are the morphological, chemical and functional similarities and differences between lysosomes and peroxisomes? What substances is chromatin made up of? They are not considered cell organelles. What is the plasma membrane of the cell? What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis regarding the origin of mitochondria? Most bacteria also have an outer cell wall made of peptidoglycans and other organic substances. Cell structure and function lab answer key. Cell organelles, such as the Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticula and the nucleus, are also enclosed by membranes. Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells.

Cellular Structure And Function Answer Key

Chloroplasts are organelles present in the cytoplasm of plant and algae cells. In bacteria, genetic material is contained in the cytosol and there is no internal membrane that encloses a nucleus. The Golgi Apparatus. In the cells of the phagocytic defense system, such as macrophages, the cytoskeleton is responsible for the plasma membrane projections that engulf the external material to be interiorized and attacked by the cell. What is the main biological function of ribosomes? ► RETURN TO TOP OF PAGE. The nuclear membrane is also called the karyotheca. Cell structure and function review answer key. Ribosomes can be found unbound in the cytoplasm, attached to the outer side of the nuclear membrane or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that encloses the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Where in the cell can ribosomes be found? Cells are the Starting Point. He measured the terminal speed of a drop when there was no electric field and then the electric field E that kept the drop motionless between parallel, oppositely charged plates. What is its biological function? The smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosomes attached to its membrane. They act as "an external space" inside the cell.

Cell Structure And Function Lab Answer Key

Because they have their own DNA, RNA and ribosomes, mitochondria can self-replicate. The energy source of photosynthesis is the sun, the unique and central star of our solar system. What path is followed by the energy absorbed by plants to be used in photosynthesis? Ribosomes are the structures in which protein synthesis takes place. Are there living organisms without cells? There are no pluricellular bacteria. Within the nucleus of a cell, the main structures are: the nucleolus, an optically dense region, sphere shaped region, which contains concentrated ribosomal RNA (rRNA) bound to proteins (there may be more than one nucleolus in a nucleus); the chromatin, made of DNA molecules released into the nuclear matrix during cell interphase; and the karyotheca, or nuclear membrane, which is the membrane that encloses the nucleus. Prokaryotic cells are those that do not have an enclosed nucleus. You have red blood cells that are used to carry oxygen (O2) through the body and other cells specific to your heart muscle. What substance are plant cell walls made of? ATP is consumed during metabolic processes that require energy (for example, in active transport across membranes).

Cell Structure And Function Review Answer Key

Viruses are considered the only living organisms that do not have cells. What is the covering membrane of vacuoles called? It is responsible for the oxidation of organic compounds by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and, when this substance is present in excess, it is responsible for the breaking down of the peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. In young plant cells, many small vacuoles can be seen; within adult cells, the majority of the internal area of the cell is occupied by a central vacuole. Animal cells (the cells of organisms of the kingdom Animalia) have an interior membrane that encloses a cell nucleus and are therefore eukaryotic cells. There is a difference between the optimum color frequency for the two main types of chlorophyll, chlorophyll A and the chlorophyll B. Chlorophyll A has an absorption peak at a wavelength of approximately 420 nm (indigo) and chlorophyll B has its major absorption at a wavelength of 450 nm (blue). Because cell membranes are fragile, in some types of cells, there are also external structures to support and protect the membrane, like the cellulose wall of plant cells and the chitin wall of some fungi cells. Chlorophyll molecules are responsible for the absorption of light energy during photosynthesis. This appears to be a paradox: green light is not important for photosynthesis. It is made of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. A) With no electric field, the forces acting on the oil droplet were the gravitational force, the buoyant force, and viscous drag. The main concept of cell theory is that cells are the basic structural unit for all organisms. Vacuoles also serve as a place for the storage of some substances. For example, the interaction between actin-containing filaments and the protein myosin creates pseudopods.

Cell Structure And Function Answer Key

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules that are regularly organized in the membrane according to their polarity: two layers of phospholipids form the lipid bilayer, with the polar part of the phospholipids pointing to the exterior part of the layer and the non-polar phospholipid chains toward the interior. What is the historical importance of this observation? Microtubules are formed by molecules of a protein called tubulin. The nuclear membrane is contiguous to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Lysosomes enfold the substances to be broken down, forming digestive vacuoles or residual vacuoles, which later migrate toward the plasma membrane, fusing with it and releasing (exocytosis) the digested material to the exterior. Plant cells are easier to identify because they have a protective structure called a cell wall made of cellulose. The main components of the plasma membrane are phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates. You might see hydra, amoebas, or euglena.

Cell Structure And Function Review

► NEXT STOP ON SITE TOUR. The vesicles detach from the Golgi apparatus, travel across the cytoplasm and fuse with the plasma membrane, secreting their substances to the exterior. What are plant cell vacuoles? If you were only made of one cell, you would be very limited. We say "animal-like" because an animal type of cell could be anything from a tiny microorganism to a nerve cell in your brain. Plant cell walls are made of cellulose. What chemical substances compose the plasma membrane? What is the observed structure called? The rough endoplasmic reticulum has a large number of ribosomes attached to the external side of its membrane. Are membranes only present as the outside of cells? Eukaryotic cells can be divided into three main parts: the cell membrane that physically separates the intracellular space from the outer space by enclosing the cell; the cytoplasm, the interior portion filled with cytosol (the aqueous fluid inside the cell); and the nucleus, the membrane-enclosed internal region that contains genetic material. Some cells have cilia (paramecium, the bronchial ciliated epithelium, etc. ) In 1665, Robert Hooke, an English scientist, published his book Micrographia, in which he described that pieces of cork viewed under a microscope presented small cavities, similar to pores and filled with air. Cells can also connect to form larger structures.

The main structures of the cytoplasm of a cell are centrioles, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the Golgi apparatus, the endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes. Challenge your Facebook and Twitter friends. B) Find the charge q of a drop in terms of g, E, R,, and. This is an interesting problem of biological evolution. What is the difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum? The Endoplasmic Reticulum. What are chloroplasts? The smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in lipid synthesis and, in muscle cells, it is important in carrying out of contraction stimuli.

There are smaller pieces that make up cells such as macromolecules and organelles. What are the main structures within the nucleus of a cell? Do the cells of bacteria have a nucleus? If the green light that reaches a plant was blocked and exposure of the plant to other colors was maintained, there would be no harm to the photosynthesis process. Lysosomes are hydrolase-containing vesicles that detach from the Golgi apparatus. What colors (of the electromagnetic spectrum) are absorbed by plants? In biology class, you will usually work with plant-like cells and animal-like cells. Select any question to share it on FB or Twitter. The endoplasmic reticulum is a delicate membrane structure that is contiguous to the nuclear membrane and which is present in the cytoplasm.

Cells have problems functioning when they get too big. Cells can be classified as eukaryotic or prokaryotic. What is the difference between chromatin and a chromosome? The cytoskeleton is a network of very small tubules and filaments distributed throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is not enclosed by a membrane. What is the main function of chloroplasts?